Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that affects millions of people worldwide, including a significant number in the UAE. Characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, asthma leads to recurring episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. While it can be controlled with proper management and medical care, understanding who is most at risk and why is essential for prevention and early diagnosis.
As a top pulmonologist in Dubai, I’ve treated numerous patients with asthma – from children to seniors – and have found that the condition can affect almost anyone, regardless of age or lifestyle. However, certain factors increase susceptibility.
Who Does Asthma Affect?
1. Children and Adolescents
Asthma often begins in early childhood. According to global data, it is one of the most common chronic diseases among children. Young lungs are more sensitive to allergens, pollution, and viral infections, all of which can trigger asthma symptoms. Children with a family history of asthma or allergies are especially vulnerable.
Why?
Immature immune systems
Smaller airways that are more reactive
Exposure to second-hand smoke or indoor allergens
2. Adults and the Elderly
While asthma commonly starts in childhood, adult-onset asthma is also prevalent. In adults, asthma may develop due to long-term exposure to occupational irritants or pollutants. Elderly individuals often face unique challenges in asthma management due to age-related changes in lung function and the presence of other chronic diseases.
Why?
Occupational exposure to dust, chemicals, or fumes
Smoking or exposure to smoke
Respiratory infections or sinus issues
3. People with Allergies
Individuals with allergic rhinitis, eczema, or food allergies are at higher risk. Allergic asthma is the most common type and is triggered by allergens such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or mold.
Why?
Overreactive immune response to harmless substances
Genetic predisposition to atopy (the tendency to develop allergic conditions)
4. Women
Studies show that adult women are more likely to develop asthma than men, especially after puberty. Hormonal changes during menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause can influence asthma severity.
Why?
Hormonal fluctuations
Higher prevalence of obesity, which is linked to asthma
5. People Living in Urban Environments
Urban residents, especially in cities like Dubai, may be more susceptible due to high pollution levels, dust exposure, and a sedentary lifestyle. Construction dust, vehicle emissions, and high humidity can exacerbate symptoms.
Why?
Air pollution and poor air quality
Exposure to environmental allergens
Stressful lifestyle, which can trigger asthma attacks
What Causes Asthma in These Groups?
While the exact cause of asthma is still not completely understood, several risk factors and triggers are known:
Genetics: A family history of asthma or other allergic conditions significantly increases risk.
Environmental Factors: Exposure to allergens, irritants, and pollutants – especially during early childhood – plays a key role.
Viral Infections: Respiratory infections, particularly in young children, can damage developing lungs and increase asthma risk.
Lifestyle Factors: Smoking, obesity, and lack of physical activity can worsen asthma or lead to its development.
Occupational Hazards: Repeated exposure to chemicals, gases, or dust at the workplace can trigger occupational asthma.
Why Early Diagnosis and Treatment Matter
As a specialist in asthma treatment in Dubai, I emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and personalized care. Asthma is a manageable condition, and with the right treatment plan – including inhalers, medication, and lifestyle modifications – most people can lead full, active lives.
If you or a loved one experiences frequent coughing, shortness of breath, or wheezing, especially at night or after exercise, it’s important to consult a pulmonologist. Proper lung function testing, allergy screening, and a tailored management plan can prevent complications and improve quality of life.
Get Expert Care from Dubai’s Trusted Pulmonologist
At my clinic in Dubai, I provide comprehensive evaluation and treatment for asthma in both adults and children. With over two decades of experience in respiratory medicine, I use the latest diagnostic tools and evidence-based practices to help my patients breathe easier and live better.
Don’t let asthma control your life – take control of your asthma.
Book a consultation today with Prof. Dr. Syed Arshad Husain, Dubai’s leading pulmonologist.